The name PIC initially referred to Peripheral Interface Controller. PIC all models use Flash memory for program storage,and newer models allow the PIC to reprogram itself. Program memory and data memory are separated. Data memory is 8-bit, 16-bit and 32-bit. Program instructions vary in bit-count by family of PIC, and may be 12, 14, 16, or 24 bits long. The instruction set also varies by model, with more powerful chips adding instructions for digital signal processing functions.
The hardware capabilities of PIC devices range from 8-pin DIP chips up to 100-pin SMD chips, with discrete I/O pins, ADC and DAC modules, and communications ports such as UART, I2C, CAN, and even USB. Low-power and high-speed variations exist for many types.
The manufacturer supplies computer software for development known as MPLAB, assemblers and C/C++ compilers, and programmer/debugger hardware under the MPLAB and PICKit series. MikroC is the easiest programming software for beginners, because it's gives lot of libraries, sample and debugging tools. Third party and some open-source tools are also available. Some parts have in-circuit programming capability; low-cost development programmers are available as well has high-production programmers.
Sources : Wikipedia.org
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